What Child Is This

“What Child Is This,” written by William Chatterton Dix in 1865, is a beloved Christmas hymn that reflects on the mystery and wonder of Christ’s incarnation. Dix, a British hymn writer and insurance manager who experienced serious illness in his youth, turned to Scripture and poetry to express deep devotion and faith. This hymn draws from the nativity account in Luke 2, focusing on the humble birth of Jesus and the significance of His coming as Savior. The repeated question, “What child is this?” encourages worshippers to pause and contemplate the miracle of God taking human form.

Dix set his lyrics to the traditional English folk tune Greensleeves, creating a melody both haunting and memorable. The contrast between the tune’s minor key and the hymn’s joyful message of redemption highlights the paradox of the Savior’s humble birth and His divine mission. The verses move from observation of the infant’s humility to the declaration of His kingship, culminating in a call for worshippers to kneel and adore Him. This musical pairing has contributed to the hymn’s enduring popularity in Christmas services worldwide.

Theologically, “What Child Is This” emphasizes both Christ’s humanity and His divine authority. While the text dwells on the simplicity of the manger scene, it points to the greater reality of the King of Kings who brings peace and salvation. Dix’s imagery of shepherds and angels connects the hymn to the biblical narrative, encouraging believers to join in the awe and reverence that greeted Christ’s birth. Today, the hymn continues to inspire reflection on the incarnation, calling worshippers to marvel at God’s love and respond with devotion and praise.